Veterinary Clinical Reference
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Evergreen, evidence-based hubs on the drugs, conditions, and species you manage — continuously updated and cited at every claim.
Chinchilla Heart Murmurs: Echocardiography and Diagnostic Workup
A presentation-first workflow for chinchilla heart murmurs: grade the finding, separate compensated from unstable patients, choose thoracic imaging and echocardiography deliberately, and interpret measurements within the limits of small clinical cohorts.
Read →Avian Pododermatitis: Diagnosis, Staging, and Management
A clinician-focused approach to avian pododermatitis: define lesion depth, investigate loading and systemic drivers, use imaging and microbiology selectively, off-load the foot, and reassess healing rather than treating the surface alone.
Read →Avian Crop Stasis: Diagnostic Workup and Treatment Planning
A clinician-focused approach to the bird with delayed crop emptying: stabilize first, confirm the anatomic problem, separate primary crop disease from systemic causes, and tailor nutrition and treatment to the findings.
Read →Motile Aeromonas Septicemia in Ornamental Fish: Diagnosis and Treatment
A clinical framework for hemorrhagic septicemia and ulcerative disease associated with motile Aeromonas in ornamental fish, emphasizing tissue culture, molecular identification, susceptibility testing, and correction of system stressors.
Read →Exotic Companion Mammal Lower Urinary Tract Disease: Diagnostic Workup
A presentation-first diagnostic framework for dysuria, stranguria, hematuria, urine scald, and suspected obstruction in exotic companion mammals, with species-specific imaging and sampling priorities.
Read →Avian Coelomic Distension: Imaging, Fluid Analysis, and Differential Diagnosis
Stabilize respiratory compromise, confirm the cause of an enlarged coelom, and distinguish free fluid from reproductive material, organ enlargement, a mass, hernia, fat, or gastrointestinal distension.
Read →Lymphocystis Disease in Ornamental Fish: Diagnosis and Collection Management
A clinician-focused guide to lymphocystis in ornamental fish: recognize the characteristic nodular presentation, preserve broad differentials, select histopathology and molecular tests deliberately, and manage the collection without promising a universal course or antiviral cure.
Read →Chinchilla Respiratory Disease: Diagnostic Workup and Treatment Planning
A clinician-first framework for chinchillas with nasal discharge, respiratory noise, tachypnea, or increased effort: stabilize before restraint, localize the syndrome, use thoracic and skull imaging deliberately, obtain interpretable samples, and separate organism detection from proof of causation.
Read →Chelonian Shell Fractures: Triage, Imaging, and Repair
A clinician-focused approach to traumatic shell fractures in turtles and tortoises, covering whole-patient stabilization, wound assessment, imaging, staged management, fixation choices, husbandry, and follow-up.
Read →Psittacine Cloacal Prolapse: Workup and Surgical Management
A clinician-first workflow for prolapsed tissue at the psittacine vent: stabilize the bird, protect and identify the tissue, investigate the driver of tenesmus, select temporary or definitive repair, and address recurrence without overgeneralizing the adult-cockatoo behavioral phenotype.
Read →Degu Dental Disease: Diagnosis, Imaging, and Treatment Planning
A clinician-first workflow for degu dental disease: distinguish coronal from apical pathology, obtain diagnostic skull imaging, assess secondary soft-tissue and systemic effects, and plan treatment without converting rescue-center, submission-series, or experimental-diet findings into pet prevalence or causation.
Read →Amphibian Ranavirus Infection: Diagnosis and Biosecurity
A clinician-focused approach to amphibian ranavirus: distinguish PCR detection from clinical disease, choose specimens and timing deliberately, integrate pathology and differentials, stabilize affected animals, and contain a suspected collection outbreak without overinterpreting wild or experimental evidence.
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