Veterinary Clinical Reference
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Evergreen, evidence-based hubs on the drugs, conditions, and species you manage — continuously updated and cited at every claim.
Metaldehyde Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Diagnosis and Treatment
A clinical reference for metaldehyde molluscicide exposure in dogs and cats, covering recognition, decontamination, tremor and seizure control, monitoring, ILE limitations, prognosis, and emerging extracorporeal evidence.
Read →Cholecalciferol rodenticide toxicosis in dogs and cats: dose calculation, monitoring, and treatment
A GP-facing clinical hub for vitamin D3 bait ingestion in dogs and cats: how to convert a 0.075% bait to a mg/kg dose at the desk, the 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg decision thresholds, why hypercalcaemia is delayed and prolonged, decontamination and recheck intervals out to 72-96 hours, calcium-lowering agents with sourced doses, and how cholecalciferol differs from bromethalin and anticoagulant baits when the class is unknown.
Read →Bromethalin toxicosis in dogs and cats: dose calculation, decontamination and prognosis
No antidote, no antemortem test that returns in time, and a latency that makes an asymptomatic patient unreassuring. Convert bait grams to mg/kg of bromethalin, decontaminate from 0.1 mg/kg in dogs and 0.05 mg/kg in cats, and repeat the charcoal.
Read →Battery ingestion in dogs and cats: emergency triage, removal and monitoring
Battery ingestion is two different emergencies and the radiograph decides which. A disc/button cell lodged in the oesophagus is an electrolytic burn that begins within minutes — canine experimental data show necrosis reaching the inner muscular layer at 15 minutes, and the trachea by one hour — and demands immediate endoscopic removal. A chewed cylindrical alkaline cell is a caustic-plus-foreign-body problem on a slower clock, where ulceration appears at 1-2 hours but the full extent of injury can take 24 hours. Covers first-two-minute triage, the injury mechanisms that separate the two cell types, what not to do (emesis, activated charcoal, oral acid), the radiographic double-rim and step-off signs, oesophageal versus gastric management, and how long to watch for delayed perforation and stricture.
Read →Mushroom Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Amatoxin, Syndromic Triage, and Emergency Treatment
A clinician's guide to mushroom toxicosis in dogs and cats, leading with lethal amatoxin (Amanita) hepatotoxicosis and its deceptive biphasic course, then the full syndromic classification, time-of-onset triage, decontamination, and exact drug doses for each mushroom group.
Read →Cane Toad (Bufo) Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Emergency Management
Emergency reference for bufonid toad toxicosis in dogs and cats. Bufadienolides inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase like digoxin while biogenic amines drive hypersalivation and hyperadrenergic signs; immediate oral lavage (never emesis), benzodiazepine seizure control, and rhythm-directed cardiac management anchor treatment, and Rhinella marina is the most toxic species.
Read →Ibuprofen and Human-NSAID Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats
Ibuprofen and other human NSAIDs are among the most common OTC poisonings in dogs and cats. This clinical hub gives the verbatim mg/kg dose bands, the toxicokinetics behind repeat-dose charcoal, and an ER management plan: decontamination, 48-72h fluid diuresis, and layered GI protection - with no antidote and cats twice as sensitive as dogs.
Read →Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Toxicosis in Dogs & Cats: Antidotal Management
An evidence-based clinical reference for DVMs on acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicosis in dogs and cats: why cats are exquisitely sensitive, species-split toxic doses, methemoglobinemia vs hepatotoxicity, and the N-acetylcysteine antidote protocol with adjuncts.
Read →Ethylene Glycol Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Clinical Management
A time-critical toxicology reference for clinicians: ethylene glycol toxicokinetics, species-specific lethal doses, the three clinical stages, early diagnosis (osmolar and anion gaps, calcium oxalate crystalluria), and the antidote race with fomepizole and ethanol dosing for dogs and cats.
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