Veterinary Clinical Reference
Look up any drug or condition.
Evergreen, evidence-based hubs on the drugs, conditions, and species you manage — continuously updated and cited at every claim.
Sago Palm (Cycad) Hepatotoxicosis in Dogs: Clinical Management
A clinical reference for managing sago palm (Cycas revoluta) toxicosis in dogs: cycasin/MAM mechanism, the three-phase course, decontamination with multi-dose activated charcoal, hepatoprotectant dosing (NAC, SAMe, silymarin), coagulopathy management, monitoring, and prognosis.
Read →Cannabis (THC) Toxicosis in Dogs: Emergency Management
A point-of-care clinical reference for THC toxicosis in dogs: toxicokinetics, the neurologic hallmark, decontamination criteria, supportive care and intravenous lipid emulsion dosing, the edible co-toxin trap, and prognosis.
Read →Ilunocitinib (Zenrelia): A Clinical Guide to the Once-Daily JAK Inhibitor for Canine Atopic Dermatitis
Ilunocitinib (Zenrelia, Elanco) is a once-daily oral JAK inhibitor for canine allergic and atopic dermatitis. This hub covers mechanism, dosing, the head-to-head data versus oclacitinib, the boxed vaccination warning, and where it fits alongside Apoquel, Cytopoint, and ciclosporin.
Read →Canine SCCED (Indolent Corneal Ulcers): Debridement and Outcomes
A practical clinical hub on spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs: how to diagnose an indolent ulcer, the mechanical debridement ladder from cotton-tip to diamond burr to grid keratotomy to superficial keratectomy, comparative single-procedure healing rates, bandage lens and serum adjuncts, and when to escalate.
Read →Canine Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS): Diagnosis and Treatment
A practical clinical hub on canine keratoconjunctivitis sicca: Schirmer tear test diagnosis and severity thresholds, topical calcineurin inhibitors (ciclosporin, tacrolimus) as first-line, tear replacement, oral pilocarpine for neurogenic KCS, parotid duct transposition for refractory cases, and where injectable PRP plus oral omega-3 fit as adjuncts.
Read →Canine Primary Glaucoma: Diagnosis and Management
A practical clinical reference on canine primary glaucoma: pathophysiology and goniodysgenesis, tonometry and gonioscopy, emergency IOP-lowering protocols, maintenance medical therapy, surgical options for sighted and blind eyes, and evidence-based fellow-eye prophylaxis.
Read →Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Hereditary DCM, Diet-Associated DCM, Preclinical Screening, and Evidence-Based Management
DCM affects up to 58% of Dobermans; annual Holter screening recommended from age 3. FDA grain-free/DCM investigation closed Dec 2022 without confirmed caus
Read →Meloxicam for Canine Osteoarthritis Pain: Efficacy, Safety, and 2025 Head-to-Head vs. Bedinvetmab
Meloxicam (COX-2 NSAID) equals bedinvetmab for canine OA efficacy in 2025 RCT (n=101), with more GI adverse events. Standard dose: 0.2 mg/kg loading the...
Read →Phenobarbital for Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy: Prescribing Patterns, Pharmacometrics, and TDM
Phenobarbital remains the most-prescribed first-line ASD for canine idiopathic epilepsy (34.9% in US primary care). A 2025 population PK model enables precision dosing, while TDM to a 20-35 ug/mL target stays essential and is itself assay-dependent.
Read →Canine Parvovirus Enteritis in Dogs: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Evidence-Based Management
An evidence-based clinical reference on canine parvovirus (CPV-2) enteritis: diagnosis, supportive-care standard of care, CPMA (Trutect) efficacy and dosing, outpatient protocols, and post-prophylaxis vaccine timing.
Read →Pimobendan for Canine Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD): Evidence, Mechanism, and Use
Pimobendan's dual calcium-sensitizer and PDE3-inhibitor mechanism, the EPIC and QUEST pivotal trials, 2019 ACVIM staging, PROTECT DCM data, and the 2024-2026 reverse-remodeling evidence that says document baseline echo before you dose a Stage B2 dog.
Read →Sarolaner for Canine Generalized Demodicosis: Efficacy, Class Pharmacology, and Safety
Oral sarolaner-based isoxazolines clear Demodex canis in generalized demodicosis: a masked field study reached 100% mite reduction by Day 90.
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