Veterinary Clinical Reference
Look up any drug or condition.
Evergreen, evidence-based hubs on the drugs, conditions, and species you manage — continuously updated and cited at every claim.
Cisapride in cats and dogs: regulatory status, dosing, and cardiac safety
Cisapride has the broadest prokinetic reach of the drugs in common use, which is why it anchors medical management of feline constipation and early megacolon. It is also an unapproved, compounded-only drug with no controlled clinical trial in cats, a fifteenfold spread across published dose recommendations, and a hERG-mediated cardiac liability characterised in cats and dogs only at grossly supratherapeutic doses. This hub separates trial evidence from expert recommendation, quotes every dose figure from the source that printed it, and sets out where cisapride stops working — a failure of enteric nerves, not of muscle — and surgery begins.
Read →Battery ingestion in dogs and cats: emergency triage, removal and monitoring
Battery ingestion is two different emergencies and the radiograph decides which. A disc/button cell lodged in the oesophagus is an electrolytic burn that begins within minutes — canine experimental data show necrosis reaching the inner muscular layer at 15 minutes, and the trachea by one hour — and demands immediate endoscopic removal. A chewed cylindrical alkaline cell is a caustic-plus-foreign-body problem on a slower clock, where ulceration appears at 1-2 hours but the full extent of injury can take 24 hours. Covers first-two-minute triage, the injury mechanisms that separate the two cell types, what not to do (emesis, activated charcoal, oral acid), the radiographic double-rim and step-off signs, oesophageal versus gastric management, and how long to watch for delayed perforation and stricture.
Read →Sucralfate in Dogs and Cats: Dosing, Timing, and What the Evidence Supports
Sucralfate is a locally acting mucosal barrier agent that needs acid to work, not an acid suppressant. What the 2018 ACVIM consensus actually recommends, the PPI co-administration question, the quantified 2-hour drug-separation data in dogs, and dosing for both species.
Read →Metronidazole in Dogs and Cats: A Clinical Evidence Review
A clinical reference on metronidazole in dogs and cats: mechanism and spectrum, the randomised trials on acute diarrhoea, measured microbiome effects, the neurotoxicity dose-duration relationship, verbatim dosing, feline cautions, and stewardship-aligned alternatives.
Read →Famotidine in Dogs and Cats: A Clinical Reference
Famotidine works, modestly and briefly. A practising clinician's reference on where it sits versus omeprazole, the tachyphylaxis data in dogs and cats, the indications the evidence does not support, and when a PPI or nothing at all is the better call.
Read →Metoclopramide in Dogs and Cats: Antiemetic and Prokinetic Guide
A clinical reference on metoclopramide for dogs and cats: mechanism as a central D2 antiemetic and peripheral 5-HT4 prokinetic, verbatim intermittent and CRI dosing, indications for reflux and ileus, contraindications, adverse effects, and where it fits versus maropitant and ondansetron.
Read →Mushroom Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Amatoxin, Syndromic Triage, and Emergency Treatment
A clinician's guide to mushroom toxicosis in dogs and cats, leading with lethal amatoxin (Amanita) hepatotoxicosis and its deceptive biphasic course, then the full syndromic classification, time-of-onset triage, decontamination, and exact drug doses for each mushroom group.
Read →Paroxetine in Dogs and Cats
A DVM reference on extralabel paroxetine for canine and feline anxiety, aggression, and urine marking: verified dosing, onset, adverse effects, drug interactions, and how it compares with fluoxetine.
Read →Cane Toad (Bufo) Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats: Emergency Management
Emergency reference for bufonid toad toxicosis in dogs and cats. Bufadienolides inhibit Na+/K+-ATPase like digoxin while biogenic amines drive hypersalivation and hyperadrenergic signs; immediate oral lavage (never emesis), benzodiazepine seizure control, and rhythm-directed cardiac management anchor treatment, and Rhinella marina is the most toxic species.
Read →Ibuprofen and Human-NSAID Toxicosis in Dogs and Cats
Ibuprofen and other human NSAIDs are among the most common OTC poisonings in dogs and cats. This clinical hub gives the verbatim mg/kg dose bands, the toxicokinetics behind repeat-dose charcoal, and an ER management plan: decontamination, 48-72h fluid diuresis, and layered GI protection - with no antidote and cats twice as sensitive as dogs.
Read →Amitriptyline in Dogs and Cats: Extralabel Behavioral Pharmacology, Dosing, and Evidence
A DVM-facing clinical reference on extralabel amitriptyline in dogs and cats: TCA mechanism, canine and feline dosing, adverse effects, serotonin syndrome interactions, monitoring, and the mixed feline idiopathic cystitis evidence.
Read →Sertraline (Zoloft) in Dogs and Cats for Behavior
Sertraline is an off-label SSRI used as a maintenance adjunct to behavior modification for anxiety, aggression, and compulsive disorders in dogs and cats. This clinical hub covers extralabel dosing, 4-6 week onset, adverse effects, and the load-bearing serotonin-syndrome interaction with MAO inhibitors.
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