Veterinary Clinical Reference
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Evergreen, evidence-based hubs on the drugs, conditions, and species you manage — continuously updated and cited at every claim.
Sileo (Dexmedetomidine Oromucosal Gel) for Canine Noise Aversion: Dosing, Efficacy, and Safety
Sileo (dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel) is the first and only FDA-approved treatment for canine noise aversion — an alpha-2 agonist absorbed transmucosally, dosed by weight as syringe "dots" and given shortly before or at the onset of an anticipated noise event. This hub covers label dosing, the pivotal RCT, adverse effects, contraindications, and where it sits against trazodone, clonidine, tasipimidine, and daily SSRIs.
Read →Clonidine for Dogs: Off-Label Alpha-2 Agonist for Noise Aversion, Storm Phobia, and Situational Anxiety
Clonidine is a human alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used off-label in dogs as a short-acting, event-based adjunct for situational fear and anxiety — noise aversion, storm phobia, separation-related distress, fear reactivity, and vet-visit anxiety — layered on a daily SSRI or TCA plus behavior modification rather than run as standalone monotherapy. This hub summarizes the off-label dosing (~0.01–0.05 mg/kg PO), the limited open-label efficacy evidence, adverse effects, contraindications and interactions, and where clonidine sits relative to the FDA-approved event drug dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel (Sileo), trazodone, and gabapentin.
Read →Trazodone for Dogs: Situational Anxiety and Post-Op Confinement Dosing
A clinical reference for prescribing trazodone in dogs: SARI mechanism, off-label status, situational and post-operative confinement dosing, onset, adverse effects, and serotonin syndrome risk with concurrent SSRIs and MAOIs.
Read →Fluoxetine (Reconcile) for Canine Behavior Disorders
Clinical reference on fluoxetine (Reconcile/Prozac) for dogs: FDA-approved separation-anxiety indication, 1-2 mg/kg dosing, 4-6 week onset, adverse effects, and the MAOI/amitraz and serotonin-syndrome interactions every prescriber must screen for.
Read →Methylxanthine (Chocolate & Caffeine) Toxicosis in Dogs
ER reference for canine methylxanthine (chocolate/caffeine) toxicosis: theobromine/caffeine MOA and kinetics, mg/kg dose thresholds, chocolate-type ranking, decontamination, and symptomatic management of tachyarrhythmia, seizures, and hyperthermia.
Read →Grape & Raisin Nephrotoxicosis in Dogs: AKI Management
Clinical reference on grape, raisin, and tamarind nephrotoxicosis in dogs: the idiosyncratic (no safe-dose) nature, the 2022 tartaric-acid hypothesis, the biphasic GI-then-AKI timeline, decontamination, fluid diuresis with serial renal-value monitoring, and prognosis by oliguric status.
Read →Anticoagulant Rodenticide Toxicosis in Dogs: Clinical Management
A DVM's clinical reference for anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis in dogs: mechanism, delayed 3-5 day presentation, PT as the earliest marker, vitamin K1 antidotal dosing and duration by generation, plasma for active bleeding, and the recheck-PT-after-stopping rule.
Read →Xylitol Toxicosis in Dogs: Clinical Management
A DVM reference for xylitol toxicosis in dogs: hypoglycemia at ~0.1 g/kg and hepatic necrosis at ~0.5 g/kg, delayed onset, why activated charcoal fails, and dextrose plus hepatoprotectant protocols with monitoring intervals and prognosis.
Read →Sago Palm (Cycad) Hepatotoxicosis in Dogs: Clinical Management
A clinical reference for managing sago palm (Cycas revoluta) toxicosis in dogs: cycasin/MAM mechanism, the three-phase course, decontamination with multi-dose activated charcoal, hepatoprotectant dosing (NAC, SAMe, silymarin), coagulopathy management, monitoring, and prognosis.
Read →Cannabis (THC) Toxicosis in Dogs: Emergency Management
A point-of-care clinical reference for THC toxicosis in dogs: toxicokinetics, the neurologic hallmark, decontamination criteria, supportive care and intravenous lipid emulsion dosing, the edible co-toxin trap, and prognosis.
Read →Ilunocitinib (Zenrelia): A Clinical Guide to the Once-Daily JAK Inhibitor for Canine Atopic Dermatitis
Ilunocitinib (Zenrelia, Elanco) is a once-daily oral JAK inhibitor for canine allergic and atopic dermatitis. This hub covers mechanism, dosing, the head-to-head data versus oclacitinib, the boxed vaccination warning, and where it fits alongside Apoquel, Cytopoint, and ciclosporin.
Read →Canine SCCED (Indolent Corneal Ulcers): Debridement and Outcomes
A practical clinical hub on spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects in dogs: how to diagnose an indolent ulcer, the mechanical debridement ladder from cotton-tip to diamond burr to grid keratotomy to superficial keratectomy, comparative single-procedure healing rates, bandage lens and serum adjuncts, and when to escalate.
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